import binascii
import weakref
from typing import MutableMapping
from typing import Optional
from typing import Tuple

import ldap3
import passlib.apache

from mitmproxy import ctx, connection
from mitmproxy import exceptions
from mitmproxy import http
from mitmproxy.net.http import status_codes

REALM = "mitmproxy"


def mkauth(username: str, password: str, scheme: str = "basic") -> str:
    """
    Craft a basic auth string
    """
    v = binascii.b2a_base64(
        (username + ":" + password).encode("utf8")
    ).decode("ascii")
    return scheme + " " + v


def parse_http_basic_auth(s: str) -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
    """
    Parse a basic auth header.
    Raises a ValueError if the input is invalid.
    """
    scheme, authinfo = s.split()
    if scheme.lower() != "basic":
        raise ValueError("Unknown scheme")
    try:
        user, password = binascii.a2b_base64(authinfo.encode()).decode("utf8", "replace").split(":")
    except binascii.Error as e:
        raise ValueError(str(e))
    return scheme, user, password


class ProxyAuth:
    def __init__(self):
        self.nonanonymous = False
        self.htpasswd = None
        self.singleuser = None
        self.ldapconn = None
        self.ldapserver = None
        self.authenticated: MutableMapping[connection.Client, Tuple[str, str]] = weakref.WeakKeyDictionary()
        """Contains all connections that are permanently authenticated after an HTTP CONNECT"""

    def load(self, loader):
        loader.add_option(
            "proxyauth", Optional[str], None,
            """
            Require proxy authentication. Format:
            "username:pass",
            "any" to accept any user/pass combination,
            "@path" to use an Apache htpasswd file,
            or "ldap[s]:url_server_ldap:dn_auth:password:dn_subtree" for LDAP authentication.
            """
        )

    def enabled(self) -> bool:
        return any([self.nonanonymous, self.htpasswd, self.singleuser, self.ldapconn, self.ldapserver])

    def is_proxy_auth(self) -> bool:
        """
        Returns:
            - True, if authentication is done as if mitmproxy is a proxy
            - False, if authentication is done as if mitmproxy is a HTTP server
        """
        return ctx.options.mode == "regular" or ctx.options.mode.startswith("upstream:")

    def which_auth_header(self) -> str:
        if self.is_proxy_auth():
            return 'Proxy-Authorization'
        else:
            return 'Authorization'

    def auth_required_response(self) -> http.Response:
        if self.is_proxy_auth():
            status_code = status_codes.PROXY_AUTH_REQUIRED
            headers = {"Proxy-Authenticate": f'Basic realm="{REALM}"'}
        else:
            status_code = status_codes.UNAUTHORIZED
            headers = {"WWW-Authenticate": f'Basic realm="{REALM}"'}

        reason = http.status_codes.RESPONSES[status_code]
        return http.Response.make(
            status_code,
            (
                f"<html>"
                f"<head><title>{status_code} {reason}</title></head>"
                f"<body><h1>{status_code} {reason}</h1></body>"
                f"</html>"
            ),
            headers
        )

    def check(self, f: http.HTTPFlow) -> Optional[Tuple[str, str]]:
        """
        Check if a request is correctly authenticated.
        Returns:
            - a (username, password) tuple if successful,
            - None, otherwise.
        """
        auth_value = f.request.headers.get(self.which_auth_header(), "")
        try:
            scheme, username, password = parse_http_basic_auth(auth_value)
        except ValueError:
            return None

        if self.nonanonymous:
            return username, password
        elif self.singleuser:
            if self.singleuser == [username, password]:
                return username, password
        elif self.htpasswd:
            if self.htpasswd.check_password(username, password):
                return username, password
        elif self.ldapconn:
            if not username or not password:
                return None
            self.ldapconn.search(ctx.options.proxyauth.split(':')[4], '(cn=' + username + ')')
            if self.ldapconn.response:
                conn = ldap3.Connection(
                    self.ldapserver,
                    self.ldapconn.response[0]['dn'],
                    password,
                    auto_bind=True)
                if conn:
                    return username, password
        return None

    def authenticate(self, f: http.HTTPFlow) -> bool:
        valid_credentials = self.check(f)
        if valid_credentials:
            f.metadata["proxyauth"] = valid_credentials
            del f.request.headers[self.which_auth_header()]
            return True
        else:
            f.response = self.auth_required_response()
            return False

    # Handlers
    def configure(self, updated):
        if "proxyauth" in updated:
            self.nonanonymous = False
            self.singleuser = None
            self.htpasswd = None
            self.ldapserver = None
            if ctx.options.proxyauth:
                if ctx.options.proxyauth == "any":
                    self.nonanonymous = True
                elif ctx.options.proxyauth.startswith("@"):
                    p = ctx.options.proxyauth[1:]
                    try:
                        self.htpasswd = passlib.apache.HtpasswdFile(p)
                    except (ValueError, OSError):
                        raise exceptions.OptionsError(
                            "Could not open htpasswd file: %s" % p
                        )
                elif ctx.options.proxyauth.startswith("ldap"):
                    parts = ctx.options.proxyauth.split(':')
                    if len(parts) != 5:
                        raise exceptions.OptionsError(
                            "Invalid ldap specification"
                        )
                    security = parts[0]
                    ldap_server = parts[1]
                    dn_baseauth = parts[2]
                    password_baseauth = parts[3]
                    if security == "ldaps":
                        server = ldap3.Server(ldap_server, use_ssl=True)
                    elif security == "ldap":
                        server = ldap3.Server(ldap_server)
                    else:
                        raise exceptions.OptionsError(
                            "Invalid ldap specification on the first part"
                        )
                    conn = ldap3.Connection(
                        server,
                        dn_baseauth,
                        password_baseauth,
                        auto_bind=True)
                    self.ldapconn = conn
                    self.ldapserver = server
                elif ":" in ctx.options.proxyauth:
                    parts = ctx.options.proxyauth.split(':')
                    if len(parts) != 2:
                        raise exceptions.OptionsError(
                            "Invalid single-user auth specification."
                        )
                    self.singleuser = parts
                else:
                    raise exceptions.OptionsError("Invalid proxyauth specification.")
        if self.enabled():
            if ctx.options.mode == "transparent":
                raise exceptions.OptionsError(
                    "Proxy Authentication not supported in transparent mode."
                )
            if ctx.options.mode == "socks5":
                raise exceptions.OptionsError(
                    "Proxy Authentication not supported in SOCKS mode. "
                    "https://github.com/mitmproxy/mitmproxy/issues/738"
                )
                # TODO: check for multiple auth options

    def http_connect(self, f: http.HTTPFlow) -> None:
        if self.enabled():
            if self.authenticate(f):
                self.authenticated[f.client_conn] = f.metadata["proxyauth"]

    def requestheaders(self, f: http.HTTPFlow) -> None:
        if self.enabled():
            # Is this connection authenticated by a previous HTTP CONNECT?
            if f.client_conn in self.authenticated:
                f.metadata["proxyauth"] = self.authenticated[f.client_conn]
                return
            self.authenticate(f)
