siso_eq.cpp
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#include <itpp/comm/siso.h>
#include <limits>
#ifndef INFINITY
#define INFINITY std::numeric_limits<double>::infinity()
#endif
namespace itpp
{
void SISO::gen_chtrellis(void)
// generate trellis for precoded FIR channels with real coefficients
{
//get parameters
int mem_len = impulse_response.cols()-1;//memory length of the channel
int p_order = prec_gen.length()-1;//order of the precoder polynomial
//other variables
register int n,k,j;
double inputs[] = {1.0,-1.0};//1->-1, 0->+1
int index;
double feedback[2];
//create channel trellis
int equiv_ch_mem_len = std::max(mem_len, p_order);
chtrellis.stateNb = (1<<equiv_ch_mem_len);
chtrellis.output = new double[2*chtrellis.stateNb];
chtrellis.nextState = new int[2*chtrellis.stateNb];
chtrellis.prevState = new int[2*chtrellis.stateNb];
chtrellis.input = new int[2*chtrellis.stateNb];
//initialize trellis
itpp::ivec enc_mem(equiv_ch_mem_len);
#pragma omp parallel for private(n,enc_mem,k,feedback,j)
for (n=0; n<chtrellis.stateNb; n++) //initial state
{
enc_mem = 1-2*itpp::to_ivec(itpp::dec2bin(equiv_ch_mem_len, n));//1->-1, 0->+1
//output
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
feedback[k] = inputs[k];
for (j=1; j<=p_order; j++)
if (prec_gen[j])
feedback[k] *= enc_mem[j-1];//xor truth table must remain the same
chtrellis.output[n+k*chtrellis.stateNb] = feedback[k]*impulse_response(0,0);
for (j=1; j<=mem_len; j++)
chtrellis.output[n+k*chtrellis.stateNb] += (enc_mem[j-1]*impulse_response(0,j));
}
//next state
for (j=(equiv_ch_mem_len-1); j>0; j--)
enc_mem[j] = enc_mem[j-1];
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
enc_mem[0] = int(feedback[k]);
chtrellis.nextState[n+k*chtrellis.stateNb] = itpp::bin2dec(itpp::to_bvec((1-enc_mem)/2), true);//-1->1, +1->0
}
}
#pragma omp parallel for private(j,index,n,k)
for (j=0; j<chtrellis.stateNb; j++)
{
index = 0;
for (n=0; n<chtrellis.stateNb; n++)
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
if (chtrellis.nextState[n+k*chtrellis.stateNb]==j)
{
chtrellis.prevState[j+index*chtrellis.stateNb] = n;
chtrellis.input[j+index*chtrellis.stateNb] = k;//this is an index to the channel input
index++;
}
}
}
}
}
void SISO::equalizer_logMAP(itpp::vec &extrinsic_data, const itpp::vec &rec_sig, const itpp::vec &apriori_data)
/*
extrinsic_data - extrinsic information of channel input symbols
rec_sig - received symbols
apriori_data - a priori information of channel input symbols
*/
{
//get parameters
int N = rec_sig.length();//length of the received frame
//other parameters
register int n,k,m;
int pstates[2];
int nstates[2];
int inputs[2];
double C[2];//log(gamma)
double sum;
double sumbis;
double buffer;
//initialize trellis
gen_chtrellis();
//initialize log(alpha) and log(beta)
double* A = new double[chtrellis.stateNb*(N+1)];
double* B = new double[chtrellis.stateNb*(N+1)];
A[0] = 0;
B[N*chtrellis.stateNb] = 0;
sum = (tail?-INFINITY:0);
#pragma omp parallel for private(n)
for (n=1; n<chtrellis.stateNb; n++)
{
A[n] = -INFINITY;
B[n+N*chtrellis.stateNb] = sum;//if tail==false the final state is not known
}
#pragma omp parallel sections private(n,sum,m,k,C)
{
//forward recursion
for (n=1; n<=N; n++)
{
sum = 0;//normalisation factor
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++) //final state
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
pstates[k] = chtrellis.prevState[m+chtrellis.stateNb*k];//determine previous states
inputs[k] = chtrellis.input[m+chtrellis.stateNb*k];//determine input
C[k] = (inputs[k])*apriori_data[n-1]-itpp::sqr(rec_sig[n-1]-chtrellis.output[pstates[k]+chtrellis.stateNb*inputs[k]])/(2*sigma2);//compute log of gamma
}
A[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] = itpp::log_add(A[pstates[0]+(n-1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[0], A[pstates[1]+(n-1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[1]);
sum += std::exp(A[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb]);
}
//normalisation
sum = std::log(sum);
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++)
{
A[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] -= sum;
}
}
//backward recursion
#pragma omp section
for (n=N-1; n>=0; n--)
{
sum = 0;//normalisation factor
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++) //initial state
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
nstates[k] = chtrellis.nextState[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb];//determine next states
C[k] = (k)*apriori_data[n]-itpp::sqr(rec_sig[n]-chtrellis.output[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb])/(2*sigma2);//compute log of gamma
}
B[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] = itpp::log_add(B[nstates[0]+(n+1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[0], B[nstates[1]+(n+1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[1]);
sum += std::exp(B[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb]);
}
//normalisation
sum = std::log(sum);
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++)
{
B[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] -= sum;
}
}
}
//compute extrinsic_data
extrinsic_data.set_size(N);
#pragma omp parallel for private(n,sum,sumbis,m,k,nstates,C,buffer)
for (n=1; n<=N; n++)
{
sum = 0;//could be replaced by a vector
sumbis = 0;
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++) //initial state
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++) //input index
{
nstates[k] = chtrellis.nextState[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb];//determine next states
C[k] = (k)*apriori_data[n-1]-itpp::sqr(rec_sig[n-1]-chtrellis.output[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb])/(2*sigma2);//compute log of gamma
buffer = std::exp(A[m+(n-1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[k]+B[nstates[k]+n*chtrellis.stateNb]);
if (k)
sum += buffer;//1
else
sumbis += buffer;//0
}
}
extrinsic_data[n-1] = std::log(sum/sumbis)-apriori_data[n-1];
}
//free memory
delete[] chtrellis.output;
delete[] chtrellis.nextState;
delete[] chtrellis.prevState;
delete[] chtrellis.input;
delete[] A;
delete[] B;
}
void SISO::equalizer_maxlogMAP(itpp::vec &extrinsic_data, const itpp::vec &rec_sig, const itpp::vec &apriori_data)
/*
extrinsic_data - extrinsic information for channel input symbols
rec_sig - received symbols
apriori_data - a priori information for channel input symbols
*/
{
//get parameters
int N = rec_sig.length();//length of the received frame
//other parameters
register int n,k,m;
int pstates[2];
int nstates[2];
int inputs[2];
double C[2];//log(gamma)
double sum;
double sumbis;
double buffer;
//initialize trellis
gen_chtrellis();
//initialize log(alpha) and log(beta)
double* A = new double[chtrellis.stateNb*(N+1)];
double* B = new double[chtrellis.stateNb*(N+1)];
A[0] = 0;
for (n=1; n<chtrellis.stateNb; n++)
A[n] = -INFINITY;
B[N*chtrellis.stateNb] = 0;
sum = (tail?-INFINITY:0);
for (n=1; n<chtrellis.stateNb; n++)
B[n+N*chtrellis.stateNb] = sum;//if tail==false the final state is not known
#pragma omp parallel sections private(n,sum,m,k,C)
{
//forward recursion
for (n=1; n<=N; n++)
{
sum = -INFINITY;//normalization factor
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++) //final state
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
pstates[k] = chtrellis.prevState[m+chtrellis.stateNb*k];//determine previous states
inputs[k] = chtrellis.input[m+chtrellis.stateNb*k];//determine input
C[k] = (inputs[k])*apriori_data[n-1]-itpp::sqr(rec_sig[n-1]-chtrellis.output[pstates[k]+chtrellis.stateNb*inputs[k]])/(2*sigma2);//compute log of gamma
}
A[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] = std::max(A[pstates[0]+(n-1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[0], A[pstates[1]+(n-1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[1]);
sum = std::max(sum, A[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb]);
}
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++)
A[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] -= sum;
}
//backward recursion
#pragma omp section
for (n=N-1; n>=0; n--)
{
sum = -INFINITY;//normalisation factor
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++) //initial state
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++)
{
nstates[k] = chtrellis.nextState[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb];//determine next states
C[k] = (k)*apriori_data[n]-itpp::sqr(rec_sig[n]-chtrellis.output[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb])/(2*sigma2);//compute log of gamma
}
B[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] = std::max(B[nstates[0]+(n+1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[0], B[nstates[1]+(n+1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[1]);
sum = std::max(sum, B[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb]);
}
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++)
B[m+n*chtrellis.stateNb] -= sum;
}
}
//compute extrinsic_data
extrinsic_data.set_size(N);
for (n=1; n<=N; n++)
{
sum = -INFINITY;
sumbis = -INFINITY;
for (m=0; m<chtrellis.stateNb; m++) //initial state
{
for (k=0; k<2; k++) //input index
{
nstates[k] = chtrellis.nextState[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb];//determine next states
C[k] = (k)*apriori_data[n-1]-itpp::sqr(rec_sig[n-1]-chtrellis.output[m+k*chtrellis.stateNb])/(2*sigma2);//compute log of gamma
buffer = A[m+(n-1)*chtrellis.stateNb]+C[k]+B[nstates[k]+n*chtrellis.stateNb];
if (k)
sum = std::max(sum, buffer);//1
else
sumbis = std::max(sumbis, buffer);//0
}
}
extrinsic_data[n-1] = (sum-sumbis)-apriori_data[n-1];
}
//free memory
delete[] chtrellis.output;
delete[] chtrellis.nextState;
delete[] chtrellis.prevState;
delete[] chtrellis.input;
delete[] A;
delete[] B;
}
}//end namespace tr
itpp::Array::length
int length() const
Returns the number of data elements in the array object.
Definition array.h:157
itpp::log_add
double log_add(double log_a, double log_b)
Safe substitute for log(exp(log_a) + exp(log_b))
Definition log_exp.cpp:40
itpp::sum
T sum(const Vec< T > &v)
Sum of all elements in the vector.
Definition matfunc.h:59
itpp::sqr
vec sqr(const cvec &data)
Absolute square of elements.
Definition elem_math.cpp:36
itpp
itpp namespace
Definition itmex.h:37
itpp::bin2dec
ITPP_EXPORT int bin2dec(const bvec &inbvec, bool msb_first=true)
Convert a bvec to decimal int with the first bit as MSB if msb_first == true.
itpp::dec2bin
ITPP_EXPORT bvec dec2bin(int length, int index)
Convert a decimal int index to bvec using length bits in the representation.
itpp::to_ivec
ivec to_ivec(const Vec< T > &v)
Converts a Vec<T> to ivec.
Definition converters.h:79
itpp::to_bvec
bvec to_bvec(const Vec< T > &v)
Converts a Vec<T> to bvec.
Definition converters.h:51
siso.h
Definitions for Soft Input Soft Output (SISO) modules class.

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