DSN-less configuration
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## DSN-less configuration

In a DSN-less configuration, the `odbc.ini` file is not consulted for server connection properties. To connect to a servername, your application may refer to a servername entry in `freetds.conf`, or explicitly specify the servername's hostname (bypassing `freetds.conf`).

Example 4.1. Sample files for a DSN-less configuration

The `odbcinst.ini` is quite brief:

    	;
    	; odbcinst.ini
    	;
    	[FreeTDS]
    	Driver = /usr/local/freetds/lib/libtdsodbc.so

The `freetds.conf` might look something like:

    	;
    	; freetds.conf
    	;
    	[JDBC]
    	host = jdbc.sybase.com
    	port = 4444
    	tds version = 5.0

Example 4.2. Connecting with a DSN-less configuration

    	/*
    	 * application call
    	 */
    	const char servername[] = "JDBC"; [9]
    	sprintf(tmp, "DRIVER=FreeTDS[10];SERVERNAME=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s;DATABASE=%s;",
    		servername, username, password, dbname);
    	res = SQLDriverConnect(Connection, NULL, (SQLCHAR *) tmp, SQL_NTS,
    				(SQLCHAR *) tmp, sizeof(tmp), &len, SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT);
    	if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(res)) {
    		printf("Unable to open data source (ret=%d)\n", res);
    		exit(1);
    	}

You can even establish a connection without reference to either `odbc.ini` or `freetds.conf`.

Example 4.3. Connecting with a DSN-less configuration that does not use `freetds.conf`

    	/*
    	 * application call
    	 */
    	const char servername[] = "jdbc.sybase.com"; [11]
    	sprintf(tmp, "DRIVER=FreeTDS[10];SERVER=%s;UID=%s;PWD=%s;DATABASE=%s;TDS_Version=5.0;Port=4444;",
    		servername, username, password, dbname);
    	res = SQLDriverConnect(Connection, NULL, (SQLCHAR *) tmp, SQL_NTS,
    				(SQLCHAR *) tmp, sizeof(tmp), &len, SQL_DRIVER_NOPROMPT);
    	if (!SQL_SUCCEEDED(res)) {
    		printf("Unable to open data source (ret=%d)\n", res);
    		exit(1);
    	}

[9] refers to the `[JDBC]` entry in `freetds.conf`.

[10] refers to the `[FreeTDS]` entry in `odbcinst.ini`.

[11] refers to the real server name.

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