from __future__ import annotations

import contextlib
import queue
import threading
import time
import typing
from enum import Enum
from threading import RLock

if typing.TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ..backend._base import ResponsePromise
    from ..connection import HTTPConnection
    from ..connectionpool import ConnectionPool
    from ..poolmanager import PoolKey
    from ..response import HTTPResponse

    MappableTraffic: typing.TypeAlias = typing.Union[
        HTTPResponse, ResponsePromise, PoolKey
    ]
    ManageableTraffic: typing.TypeAlias = typing.Union[HTTPConnection, ConnectionPool]

    T = typing.TypeVar("T", bound=ManageableTraffic)
else:
    T = typing.TypeVar("T")


class TrafficState(int, Enum):
    IDLE = 0
    USED = 1
    SATURATED = 2


class TrafficPoliceFine(Exception):
    ...


class OverwhelmedTraffic(TrafficPoliceFine, queue.Full):
    ...


class UnavailableTraffic(TrafficPoliceFine, queue.Empty):
    ...


class AtomicTraffic(TrafficPoliceFine, queue.Empty):
    ...


def traffic_state_of(manageable_traffic: ManageableTraffic) -> TrafficState:
    if (
        hasattr(manageable_traffic, "is_saturated")
        and manageable_traffic.sock is not None  # type: ignore[union-attr]
        and manageable_traffic.is_saturated
    ):
        return TrafficState.SATURATED
    elif hasattr(manageable_traffic, "is_idle"):
        return TrafficState.IDLE if manageable_traffic.is_idle else TrafficState.USED
    else:
        return TrafficState.IDLE


class TrafficPolice(typing.Generic[T]):
    """Thread-safe extended-LIFO implementation.

    This class is made to enforce the 'I will have order!' psychopath philosophy.
    Rational: Recent HTTP protocols handle concurrent streams, therefore it is
    not as flat as before, we need to answer the following problems:

    1) we cannot just dispose of the oldest connection/pool, it may have a pending response in it.
    2) we need a map, a dumb and simple GPS, to avoid wasting CPU resources searching for a response (promise resolution).
       - that would permit doing read(x) on one response and then read(x) on another without compromising the concerned
         connection.
       - multiplexed protocols can permit temporary locking of a single connection even if response isn't consumed
         (instead of locking through entire lifecycle single request).

    This program is (very) complex and need, for patches, at least both unit tests and integration tests passing.
    """

    def __init__(self, maxsize: int | None = None, concurrency: bool = False):
        """
        :param maxsize: Maximum number of items that can be contained.
        :param concurrency: Whether to allow a single item to be used across multiple threads.
        """
        self.maxsize = maxsize
        self.concurrency = concurrency
        self._registry: dict[int, T] = {}
        self._container: dict[int, T] = {}
        self._map: dict[int | PoolKey, T] = {}
        self._map_types: dict[int | PoolKey, type] = {}
        self._map_lock = RLock()
        self._local = threading.local()
        self._lock = RLock()
        self._shutdown: bool = False

    @property
    def busy(self) -> bool:
        return hasattr(self._local, "cursor") and self._local.cursor is not None

    @property
    def bag_only_idle(self) -> bool:
        with self._lock:
            return all(
                traffic_state_of(_) == TrafficState.IDLE
                for _ in self._registry.values()
            )

    def __len__(self) -> int:
        with self._lock:
            return len(self._registry)

    def _map_clear(self, value: T) -> None:
        obj_id = id(value)

        with self._lock:
            if obj_id not in self._registry:
                return

        with self._map_lock:
            outdated_keys = []
            for key, val in self._map.items():
                if id(val) == obj_id:
                    outdated_keys.append(key)

            for key in outdated_keys:
                del self._map[key]
                del self._map_types[key]

    def _find_by(self, traffic_type: type) -> T | None:
        """Find the first available conn or pool that is linked to at least one traffic type."""
        with self._map_lock:
            for k, v in self._map_types.items():
                if v is traffic_type:
                    conn_or_pool = self._map[k]
                    # this method may be subject to quick states mutation
                    # due to the (internal) map independent lock
                    if hasattr(conn_or_pool, "is_idle") and conn_or_pool.is_idle:
                        continue
                    with self._lock:
                        obj_id = id(conn_or_pool)
                        if obj_id in self._container:
                            return conn_or_pool
            return None

    def kill_cursor(self) -> None:
        """In case there is no other way, a conn or pool may be unusable and should be destroyed.
        This make the scheduler forget about it."""
        with self._lock:
            if self.busy is False:
                return

            obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor

            self._map_clear(conn_or_pool)

            del self._registry[obj_id]

            try:
                conn_or_pool.close()
            except Exception:
                pass

            self._local.cursor = None

    def _sacrifice_first_idle(self) -> None:
        """When trying to fill the bag, arriving at the maxsize, we may want to remove an item.
        This method try its best to find the most appropriate idle item and removes it.
        """
        eligible_obj_id, eligible_conn_or_pool = None, None

        with self._lock:
            if self.busy:
                obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor

                if traffic_state_of(conn_or_pool) == TrafficState.IDLE:
                    self._map_clear(conn_or_pool)

                    del self._registry[obj_id]

                    try:
                        conn_or_pool.close()
                    except Exception:
                        pass

                    self._local.cursor = None
                    return

            if len(self._registry) == 0:
                return

            for obj_id, conn_or_pool in self._registry.items():
                if (
                    obj_id in self._container
                    and traffic_state_of(conn_or_pool) == TrafficState.IDLE
                ):
                    eligible_obj_id, eligible_conn_or_pool = obj_id, conn_or_pool
                    break

            if eligible_obj_id is not None and eligible_conn_or_pool is not None:
                self._map_clear(eligible_conn_or_pool)

                del self._registry[eligible_obj_id]
                del self._container[eligible_obj_id]

                try:
                    eligible_conn_or_pool.close()
                except Exception:
                    pass

                return

        raise OverwhelmedTraffic(
            "Cannot select a disposable connection to ease the charge"
        )

    def put(
        self,
        conn_or_pool: T,
        *traffic_indicators: MappableTraffic,
        block: bool = False,
        immediately_unavailable: bool = False,
    ) -> None:
        with self._lock:
            # clear was called, each conn/pool that gets back must be destroyed appropriately.
            if self._shutdown:
                self.kill_cursor()
                # Cleanup was completed, no need to act like this anymore.
                if len(self._registry) == 0:
                    self._shutdown = False
                return

            if (
                self.maxsize is not None
                and len(self._registry) >= self.maxsize
                and id(conn_or_pool) not in self._registry
            ):
                self._sacrifice_first_idle()

            obj_id = id(conn_or_pool)
            registered_conn_or_pool = obj_id in self._registry

            if registered_conn_or_pool:
                if obj_id in self._container:
                    return
                if hasattr(self._local, "cursor") and self._local.cursor is not None:
                    taken_obj_id, taken_conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor
                    if taken_obj_id == obj_id:
                        self._local.cursor = None
            else:
                self._registry[obj_id] = conn_or_pool

            if not immediately_unavailable:
                new_container = {obj_id: conn_or_pool}
                new_container.update(self._container)

                self._container = new_container
            else:
                self._local.cursor = (obj_id, conn_or_pool)

                if self.concurrency is True:
                    new_container = {obj_id: conn_or_pool}
                    new_container.update(self._container)

                    self._container = new_container

        if traffic_indicators:
            for indicator in traffic_indicators:
                self.memorize(indicator, conn_or_pool)

    def get_nowait(
        self, non_saturated_only: bool = False, not_idle_only: bool = False
    ) -> T | None:
        return self.get(
            block=False,
            non_saturated_only=non_saturated_only,
            not_idle_only=not_idle_only,
        )

    def get(
        self,
        block: bool = True,
        timeout: float | None = None,
        non_saturated_only: bool = False,
        not_idle_only: bool = False,
    ) -> T | None:
        conn_or_pool = None

        if timeout is not None:
            self._local.wait_clock = 0.0

        while True:
            with self._lock:
                if self.busy:
                    raise AtomicTraffic(
                        "One connection/pool active per thread at a given time. "
                        "Call release prior to calling this method."
                    )

                # This part is ugly but set for backward compatibility
                # urllib3 used to fill the bag with 'None'. This simulates that
                # old and bad behavior.
                if len(self._container) == 0 and self.maxsize is not None:
                    if self.maxsize > len(self._registry):
                        return None

                if len(self._container) > 0:
                    if non_saturated_only:
                        obj_id, conn_or_pool = None, None
                        for cur_obj_id, cur_conn_or_pool in self._container.items():
                            if (
                                traffic_state_of(cur_conn_or_pool)
                                == TrafficState.SATURATED
                            ):
                                continue
                            obj_id, conn_or_pool = cur_obj_id, cur_conn_or_pool
                            break
                        if obj_id is not None:
                            self._container.pop(obj_id)
                    else:
                        if not not_idle_only:
                            obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._container.popitem()
                        else:
                            obj_id, conn_or_pool = None, None
                            for cur_obj_id, cur_conn_or_pool in self._container.items():
                                if (
                                    traffic_state_of(cur_conn_or_pool)
                                    == TrafficState.IDLE
                                ):
                                    continue
                                obj_id, conn_or_pool = cur_obj_id, cur_conn_or_pool
                                break
                            if obj_id is not None:
                                self._container.pop(obj_id)

                    if obj_id is not None and conn_or_pool is not None:
                        self._local.cursor = (obj_id, conn_or_pool)

                        if self.concurrency is True:
                            new_container = {obj_id: conn_or_pool}
                            new_container.update(self._container)
                            self._container = new_container

                        break

            if conn_or_pool is None:
                if block is True:
                    time.sleep(0.001)

                    if timeout is not None:
                        self._local.wait_clock += 0.001

                        if self._local.wait_clock >= timeout:
                            self._local.wait_clock = None
                            raise UnavailableTraffic(
                                f"No connection available within {timeout} second(s)"
                            )

                    continue

                raise UnavailableTraffic("No connection available")

        if timeout is not None:
            self._local.wait_clock = None

        return conn_or_pool

    def memorize(
        self, traffic_indicator: MappableTraffic, conn_or_pool: T | None = None
    ) -> None:
        with self._map_lock:
            if conn_or_pool is None and self.busy is False:
                raise AtomicTraffic("No connection active on this thread")

            if conn_or_pool is None:
                obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor
            else:
                obj_id, conn_or_pool = id(conn_or_pool), conn_or_pool

                if obj_id not in self._registry:
                    raise UnavailableTraffic(
                        "Cannot memorize traffic indicator upon unknown connection"
                    )

            if isinstance(traffic_indicator, tuple):
                self._map[traffic_indicator] = conn_or_pool
                self._map_types[traffic_indicator] = type(traffic_indicator)
            else:
                traffic_indicator_id = id(traffic_indicator)
                self._map[traffic_indicator_id] = conn_or_pool
                self._map_types[traffic_indicator_id] = type(traffic_indicator)

    def forget(self, traffic_indicator: MappableTraffic) -> None:
        with self._map_lock:
            key: PoolKey | int = (
                traffic_indicator
                if isinstance(traffic_indicator, tuple)
                else id(traffic_indicator)
            )

            if key not in self._map:
                return

            self._map.pop(key)
            self._map_types.pop(key)

    def locate(
        self,
        traffic_indicator: MappableTraffic,
        block: bool = True,
        timeout: float | None = None,
    ) -> T | None:
        if timeout is not None and (
            not hasattr(self._local, "wait_clock") or self._local.wait_clock is None
        ):
            self._local.wait_clock = 0.0

        if not isinstance(traffic_indicator, type):
            key: PoolKey | int = (
                traffic_indicator
                if isinstance(traffic_indicator, tuple)
                else id(traffic_indicator)
            )

            with self._map_lock:
                if key not in self._map:
                    # we must fallback on beacon (sub police officer if any)
                    conn_or_pool, obj_id = None, None
                else:
                    conn_or_pool = self._map[key]
                    obj_id = id(conn_or_pool)
        else:
            raise ValueError("unsupported traffic_indicator")

        if conn_or_pool is None and obj_id is None:
            with self._lock:
                for r_obj_id, r_conn_or_pool in self._registry.items():
                    if hasattr(r_conn_or_pool, "pool") and isinstance(
                        r_conn_or_pool.pool, TrafficPolice
                    ):
                        if r_conn_or_pool.pool.beacon(traffic_indicator):
                            conn_or_pool, obj_id = r_conn_or_pool, r_obj_id
                            break

        if conn_or_pool is None and obj_id is None:
            return None

        while True:
            with self._lock:
                if self.busy:
                    cursor_obj_id, cursor_conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor

                    if cursor_obj_id == obj_id:
                        return cursor_conn_or_pool  # type: ignore[no-any-return]
                    raise AtomicTraffic(
                        "Seeking to locate a connection when having another one used, did you forget a call to release?"
                    )

                if obj_id not in self._container:
                    if block is False:
                        raise UnavailableTraffic("Unavailable connection")
                else:
                    if self.concurrency is False:
                        self._container.pop(obj_id)

                    self._local.cursor = (obj_id, conn_or_pool)

                    if timeout is not None:
                        self._local.wait_clock = None

                    return conn_or_pool

            time.sleep(
                0.001
            )  # 1ms is the minimum-reasonable sleep time across OSes. Will not be exactly 1ms.

            if timeout is not None:
                self._local.wait_clock += 0.001
                if self._local.wait_clock >= timeout:
                    raise TimeoutError(
                        "Timed out while waiting for conn_or_pool to become available"
                    )

    @contextlib.contextmanager
    def borrow(
        self,
        traffic_indicator: MappableTraffic | type | None = None,
        block: bool = True,
        timeout: float | None = None,
        not_idle_only: bool = False,
    ) -> typing.Generator[T, None, None]:
        try:
            if traffic_indicator:
                if isinstance(traffic_indicator, type):
                    with self._map_lock:
                        with self._lock:
                            conn_or_pool = self._find_by(traffic_indicator)

                            if conn_or_pool:
                                obj_id = id(conn_or_pool)

                                if self.busy:
                                    (
                                        cursor_obj_id,
                                        cursor_conn_or_pool,
                                    ) = self._local.cursor

                                    if cursor_obj_id != obj_id:
                                        raise AtomicTraffic(
                                            "Seeking to locate a connection when having another one used, did you forget a call to release?"
                                        )

                                if self.concurrency is False:
                                    self._container.pop(obj_id)

                                self._local.cursor = (obj_id, conn_or_pool)
                else:
                    conn_or_pool = self.locate(
                        traffic_indicator, block=block, timeout=timeout
                    )
            else:
                # simulate reentrant lock/borrow
                # get_response PM -> get_response HPM -> read R
                if self.busy:
                    obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor
                else:
                    conn_or_pool = self.get(
                        block=block, timeout=timeout, not_idle_only=not_idle_only
                    )
            if conn_or_pool is None:
                if traffic_indicator is not None:
                    raise UnavailableTraffic(
                        "No connection matches the traffic indicator (promise, response, ...)"
                    )
                raise UnavailableTraffic("No connection are available")
            yield conn_or_pool
        finally:
            self.release()

    def release(self) -> None:
        with self._lock:
            if self.busy:
                obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor

                if self.concurrency is False:
                    new_container = {obj_id: conn_or_pool}
                    new_container.update(self._container)

                    self._container = new_container

                self._local.cursor = None

    def clear(self) -> None:
        """Shutdown traffic pool."""
        planned_removal = []

        with self._lock:
            self._shutdown = True

            for obj_id in self._container:
                if traffic_state_of(self._container[obj_id]) == TrafficState.IDLE:
                    planned_removal.append(obj_id)

            for obj_id in planned_removal:
                conn_or_pool = self._container.pop(obj_id)

                try:
                    conn_or_pool.close()
                except (
                    Exception
                ):  # Defensive: we are in a force shutdown loop, we shall dismiss errors here.
                    pass

                self._map_clear(conn_or_pool)

                del self._registry[obj_id]

            if self.busy:
                cursor_obj_id, conn_or_pool = self._local.cursor
                if cursor_obj_id in planned_removal:
                    self._local.cursor = None

            # we've closed all conn/pool successfully, we can unset the shutdown toggle to
            # prevent killing incoming new conn or pool.
            if not self._registry:
                self._shutdown = False

    def qsize(self) -> int:
        with self._lock:
            return len(self._container)

    def rsize(self) -> int:
        with self._lock:
            return len(self._registry)

    def beacon(self, traffic_indicator: MappableTraffic | type) -> bool:
        with self._map_lock:
            if not isinstance(traffic_indicator, type):
                key: PoolKey | int = (
                    traffic_indicator
                    if isinstance(traffic_indicator, tuple)
                    else id(traffic_indicator)
                )
                return key in self._map
            return self._find_by(traffic_indicator) is not None
