- NAME
- SYNOPSIS
- DESCRIPTION
- RETURN VALUES
- NOTES
- SEE ALSO
- HISTORY
- COPYRIGHT

# NAME

ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_fd, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_changed_fds, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_callback, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_callback, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_status, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_status, ASYNC_callback_fn, ASYNC_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED, ASYNC_STATUS_ERR, ASYNC_STATUS_OK, ASYNC_STATUS_EAGAIN - functions to manage waiting for asynchronous jobs to complete

# SYNOPSIS

     #include <openssl/async.h>

     #define ASYNC_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED    0
     #define ASYNC_STATUS_ERR            1
     #define ASYNC_STATUS_OK             2
     #define ASYNC_STATUS_EAGAIN         3
     typedef int (*ASYNC_callback_fn)(void *arg);
     ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new(void);
     void ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, const void *key,
                                    OSSL_ASYNC_FD fd,
                                    void *custom_data,
                                    void (*cleanup)(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *, const void *,
                                                    OSSL_ASYNC_FD, void *));
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_fd(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, const void *key,
                               OSSL_ASYNC_FD *fd, void **custom_data);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, OSSL_ASYNC_FD *fd,
                                    size_t *numfds);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_changed_fds(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, OSSL_ASYNC_FD *addfd,
                                        size_t *numaddfds, OSSL_ASYNC_FD *delfd,
                                        size_t *numdelfds);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, const void *key);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_callback(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx,
                                     ASYNC_callback_fn callback,
                                     void *callback_arg);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_callback(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx,
                                     ASYNC_callback_fn *callback,
                                     void **callback_arg);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_status(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx, int status);
     int ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_status(ASYNC_WAIT_CTX *ctx);

# DESCRIPTION

For an overview of how asynchronous operations are implemented in OpenSSL see ASYNC_start_job(3). An ASYNC_WAIT_CTX object represents an asynchronous "session", i.e. a related set of crypto operations. For example in SSL terms this would have a one-to-one correspondence with an SSL connection.

Application code must create an ASYNC_WAIT_CTX using the `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new()` function prior to calling `ASYNC_start_job()` (see ASYNC_start_job(3)). When the job is started it is associated with the ASYNC_WAIT_CTX for the duration of that job. An ASYNC_WAIT_CTX should only be used for one ASYNC_JOB at any one time, but can be reused after an ASYNC_JOB has finished for a subsequent ASYNC_JOB. When the session is complete (e.g. the SSL connection is closed), application code cleans up with `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free()`.

ASYNC_WAIT_CTXs can have "wait" file descriptors associated with them. Calling `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds()` and passing in a pointer to an ASYNC_WAIT_CTX in the ctx parameter will return the wait file descriptors associated with that job in *fd. The number of file descriptors returned will be stored in *numfds. It is the caller's responsibility to ensure that sufficient memory has been allocated in *fd to receive all the file descriptors. Calling `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds()` with a NULL fd value will return no file descriptors but will still populate *numfds. Therefore, application code is typically expected to call this function twice: once to get the number of fds, and then again when sufficient memory has been allocated. If only one asynchronous engine is being used then normally this call will only ever return one fd. If multiple asynchronous engines are being used then more could be returned.

The function `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_changed_fds()` can be used to detect if any fds have changed since the last call time `ASYNC_start_job()` returned ASYNC_PAUSE (or since the ASYNC_WAIT_CTX was created if no ASYNC_PAUSE result has been received). The numaddfds and numdelfds parameters will be populated with the number of fds added or deleted respectively. *addfd and *delfd will be populated with the list of added and deleted fds respectively. Similarly to `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds()` either of these can be NULL, but if they are not NULL then the caller is responsible for ensuring sufficient memory is allocated.

Implementers of async aware code (e.g. engines) are encouraged to return a stable fd for the lifetime of the ASYNC_WAIT_CTX in order to reduce the "churn" of regularly changing fds - although no guarantees of this are provided to applications.

Applications can wait for the file descriptor to be ready for "read" using a system function call such as select or poll (being ready for "read" indicates that the job should be resumed). If no file descriptor is made available then an application will have to periodically "poll" the job by attempting to restart it to see if it is ready to continue.

Async aware code (e.g. engines) can get the current ASYNC_WAIT_CTX from the job via ASYNC_get_wait_ctx(3) and provide a file descriptor to use for waiting on by calling `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd()`. Typically this would be done by an engine immediately prior to calling `ASYNC_pause_job()` and not by end user code. An existing association with a file descriptor can be obtained using `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_fd()` and cleared using `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd()`. Both of these functions requires a key value which is unique to the async aware code. This could be any unique value but a good candidate might be the ENGINE * for the engine. The custom_data parameter can be any value, and will be returned in a subsequent call to `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_fd()`. The `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd()` function also expects a pointer to a "cleanup" routine. This can be NULL but if provided will automatically get called when the ASYNC_WAIT_CTX is freed, and gives the engine the opportunity to close the fd or any other resources. Note: The "cleanup" routine does not get called if the fd is cleared directly via a call to `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd()`.

An example of typical usage might be an async capable engine. User code would initiate cryptographic operations. The engine would initiate those operations asynchronously and then call `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd()` followed by `ASYNC_pause_job()` to return control to the user code. The user code can then perform other tasks or wait for the job to be ready by calling "select" or other similar function on the wait file descriptor. The engine can signal to the user code that the job should be resumed by making the wait file descriptor "readable". Once resumed the engine should clear the wake signal on the wait file descriptor.

As well as a file descriptor, user code may also be notified via a callback. The callback and data pointers are stored within the ASYNC_WAIT_CTX along with an additional status field that can be used for the notification of retries from an engine. This additional method can be used when the user thinks that a file descriptor is too costly in terms of CPU cycles or in some context where a file descriptor is not appropriate.

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_callback()` sets the callback and the callback argument. The callback will be called to notify user code when an engine completes a cryptography operation. It is a requirement that the callback function is small and nonblocking as it will be run in the context of a polling mechanism or an interrupt.

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_callback()` returns the callback set in the ASYNC_WAIT_CTX structure.

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_status()` allows an engine to set the current engine status. The possible status values are the following:

ASYNC_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED

  The engine does not support the callback mechanism. This is the default value. The engine must call `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_status()` to set the status to some value other than ASYNC_STATUS_UNSUPPORTED if it intends to enable the callback mechanism.

ASYNC_STATUS_ERR

  The engine has a fatal problem with this request. The user code should clean up this session.

ASYNC_STATUS_OK

  The request has been successfully submitted.

ASYNC_STATUS_EAGAIN

  The engine has some problem which will be recovered soon, such as a buffer is full, so user code should resume the job.

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_status()` allows user code to obtain the current status value. If the status is any value other than ASYNC_STATUS_OK then the user code should not expect to receive a callback from the engine even if one has been set.

An example of the usage of the callback method might be the following. User code would initiate cryptographic operations, and the engine code would dispatch this operation to hardware, and if the dispatch is successful, then the engine code would call `ASYNC_pause_job()` to return control to the user code. After that, user code can perform other tasks. When the hardware completes the operation, normally it is detected by a polling function or an interrupt, as the user code set a callback by calling `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_callback()` previously, then the registered callback will be called.

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free()` frees up a single ASYNC_WAIT_CTX object. If the argument is NULL, nothing is done.

# RETURN VALUES

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new()` returns a pointer to the newly allocated ASYNC_WAIT_CTX or NULL on error.

ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_fd, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_changed_fds, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_callback, ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_callback and ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_status all return 1 on success or 0 on error. `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_status()` returns the engine status.

# NOTES

On Windows platforms the <openssl/async.h >> header is dependent on some of the types customarily made available by including <windows.h >>. The application developer is likely to require control over when the latter is included, commonly as one of the first included headers. Therefore, it is defined as an application developer's responsibility to include <windows.h >> prior to <openssl/async.h >>.

# SEE ALSO

crypto(7), ASYNC_start_job(3)

# HISTORY

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_new()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_free()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_wait_fd()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_fd()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_all_fds()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_changed_fds()` and `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_clear_fd()` were added in OpenSSL 1.1.0.

`ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_callback()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_callback()`, `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_set_status()`, and `ASYNC_WAIT_CTX_get_status()` were added in OpenSSL 3.0.

# COPYRIGHT

Copyright 2016-2024 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.

Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy in the file LICENSE in the source distribution or at https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html.